Abstract: Flavonols in Eleutherine plicata have significant pharmacological value, but traditional extraction is inefficient and toxic. A green NADES system (3 sugars as HBDs, 2 acids as HBAs) was screened, characterized, and optimized by single-factor/orthogonal tests. Xylose-citric acid NADES performed best (16.81%, typical NADES properties). Optimized conditions: xylose/citric acid 1:4, 15% water, 1:2 solid-liquid ratio, 50℃/50 min. Validation yielded 24.42% (RSD=1.96%), far exceeding traditional methods (≈1.97%), and stable. This system solves the low-efficiency issue and provides a reference for natural flavonoid extraction. Read More

Abstract: In this study, Chinese strong-flavor Baijiu was used as the research object. Volatile compounds were analyzed in newly distilled liquor samples and strong-flavor Baijiu samples aged in stainless steel tanks for 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. The results demonstrated that organic acids, higher alcohols, and aromatic compounds were continuously generated and accumulated during the aging process, which contributed to the mellow cellar aroma, honey aroma, and aged aroma of the liquor. In addition, the contents of ethyl butyrate, 1-hexanol and other components exhibited a steady upward trend, while acetaldehyde showed a slight fluctuation followed by an increase. Overall, the aging process was characterized by decreased esters, increased acids and alcohols, and coordinated flavor development, verifying the optimizing effect of aging on the flavor profile of Baijiu. This study provides key data support for elucidating the aging mechanism of strong-flavor Baijiu. Read More

Abstract: To screen the suitable raw material parts of cherry valley duck for the same brine formula in brined duck products, this study took duck wings, duck necks, duck gizzards, duck heads and duck clavicles as research objects. Volatile components were analyzed by sensory evaluation, solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The results showed that duck neck had the best sensory evaluation. A total of 54 volatile compounds were identified in five brined duck parts by SPME-GC-MS, while 22 volatile compounds were detected by GC-IMS. Fourteen key volatile compounds were screened out by relative odor activity value (ROAV) and variable importance in projection (VIP). Among them, 1-Nonanal were the key compounds leading to the differences between brined duck neck and other parts, and brined duck neck exhibited more prominent fatty aroma. SPME-GC-MS and GC-IMS showed a synergistic effect, which provided a theoretical basis for the industrial production of brined duck products. Read More

Abstract: We evaluated the NVTIA tomato-derived phytomelatonin process as a differentiated natural ingredient platform in the context of contemporary literature on phytomelatonin, tomato biology, melatonin stability, and translational sleep-health evidence. Using the available process-associated dataset, we summarized three optimized production examples and three comparator conditions and then contextualized these findings with peer-reviewed publications on phytomelatonin occurrence in edible plants, tomato melatonin biosynthesis, process-sensitive melatonin degradation, black ginger bioactivity, polyamine biology, and clinical melatonin literature. Across the optimized examples, melatonin content ranged from 98.2% to 99.1%, impurity content remained at or below 1.5%, and microbial limits were reported as compliant. In contrast, comparator conditions without rice germ polyamines or with off-window pH or temperature produced markedly lower melatonin content (82.3%-85.5%) and higher impurity burdens (8.2%-10.5%). Published literature supports the plausibility of a tomato-centered phytomelatonin strategy because tomatoes are recognized edible sources of phytomelatonin and their melatonin biosynthetic route has been mechanistically characterized. The same literature also shows that pH, temperature, light, and storage conditions materially affect melatonin stability, which gives process meaning to the NVTIA emphasis on mild enzymolysis, chromatographic purification, and stabilization. Black ginger and rice germ polyamines provide an additional mechanistic basis for antioxidant and cell-protective positioning, although their direct contribution to finished-product clinical efficacy remains inferential rather than proven. Taken together, the evidence supports NVTIA as a tomato-derived phytomelatonin ingredient with a stability-oriented process design and favorable analytical profile. However, any explicit superiority claim over equivalent commercial materials still requires … Read More

Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk is not driven by a single biochemical defect; it commonly emerges from dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and impaired metabolic regulation. We developed the NVITA branded raw-material complex as a standardized multicomponent system centered on rice bran fatty alcohol and plant sterol, supported by earthworm protein, bitter melon peptide, antioxidant components, lipid-lowering agents, vascular maintenance agents, and formulation excipients. Objective: We evaluated whether the NVITA system provides a broader and stronger biological profile than equivalent single-type raw materials and a commercial comparator, while positioning the brand-specific value around formulation architecture, standardization, and multi-pathway synergy. Methods: We analyzed preclinical benchmark data across lipid indices (TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). We also compared the NVITA direction of effect with published clinical and regulatory evidence for plant sterols/stanols, rice-bran lipid fractions, red yeast rice, coenzyme Q10, bitter melon peptide/extract, and earthworm-derived fibrinolytic protein systems. Results: The optimized NVITA group reduced TC, TG, and LDL-C by 50.3%, 64.2%, and 63.0%, respectively, versus model control, while increasing HDL-C, VEGF, and SOD by 86.6%, 70.1%, and 86.3%. Relative to a commercial cardiovascular health-product comparator in the same benchmark model, optimized NVITA showed lower TC, TG, and LDL-C by 32.5%, 43.0%, and 44.1%, respectively, and higher HDL-C, VEGF, and SOD by 33.0%, 29.9%, and 32.4%. Literature evidence supports the relevance of the individual ingredient classes, but the NVITA system distinguishes itself by combining lipid-regulatory, endothelial-repair, antioxidant, and metabolic-support pathways in a single standardized raw-material matrix. Conclusion: NVITA demonstrates a strong preclinical … Read More